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Chemistry | Definition, Topics, Types, History, Facts | Britannica Cooking, fermentation, glass making, and metallurgy are all chemical processes that date from the beginnings of civilization Today, vinyl, Teflon, liquid crystals, semiconductors, and superconductors represent the fruits of chemical technology
Chemical element | Definition, Origins, Distribution, Facts | Britannica A chemical element is any substance that cannot be decomposed into simpler substances by ordinary chemical processes Elements are the fundamental materials of which all matter is composed Learn more about the origins, distribution, and characteristics of chemical elements in this article
Chemical compound | Definition, Examples, Types | Britannica Chemical compound, any substance composed of identical molecules consisting of atoms of two or more chemical elements All the matter in the universe is composed of the atoms of more than 100 different chemical elements, which are found both in pure form and combined in chemical compounds
Chemical formula | Definition, Types, Examples, Facts | Britannica chemical formula, any of several kinds of expressions of the composition or structure of chemical compounds The forms commonly encountered are empirical, molecular, structural, and projection formulas
Cellular respiration | Definition, Equation, Cycle, Process, Reactants . . . Cellular respiration, the process by which organisms combine oxygen with foodstuff molecules, diverting the chemical energy in these substances into life-sustaining activities and discarding, as waste products, carbon dioxide and water It includes glycolysis, the TCA cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation
Calcium carbonate | Formula, Uses, Names, Facts | Britannica calcium carbonate (CaCO3), chemical compound consisting of one atom of calcium, one of carbon, and three of oxygen that is the major constituent of limestone, marble, chalk, eggshells, bivalve shells, and corals Calcium carbonate is either a white powder or a colorless crystal
Chemical energy | Definition Facts | Britannica chemical energy, Energy stored in the bonds of chemical compounds Chemical energy may be released during a chemical reaction, often in the form of heat; such reactions are called exothermic
Salt | Chemistry, History, Occurrence, Manufacture, Uses, Facts . . . Salt, also called sodium chloride, mineral substance of great importance to human and animal health, as well as to industry The mineral form halite, or rock salt, is sometimes called common salt to distinguish it from a class of chemical compounds called salts Learn more about salt in this article
Tin | Definition, Properties, Uses, Facts | Britannica Tin, a chemical element belonging to the carbon family, Group 14 (IVa) of the periodic table It is a soft, silvery white metal with a bluish tinge, known to the ancients in bronze, an alloy with copper