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shell - Understanding IFS - Unix Linux Stack Exchange The following few threads on this site and StackOverflow were helpful for understanding how IFS works: What is IFS in context of for looping? How to loop over the lines of a file Bash, read line by
What is the meaning of IFS=$\\n in bash scripting? The default value for IFS consists of whitespace characters (to be precise: space, tab and newline) Each character can be a word boundary So, with the default value of IFS, the loop above will print: Word: foo:bar Word: baz Word: rab In other words, the shell thinks that whitespace is a word boundary Now, try setting IFS=: before executing
bash - What is the IFS variable? - Unix Linux Stack Exchange The default value of IFS is space, tab and newline, so if foo prints out two lines hello world and howdy then the loop body is executed with x=hello, then x=world and x=howdy If IFS is explicitly changed to contain a newline only, then the loop is executed for hello world and howdy
Understanding IFS= read -r line - Unix Linux Stack Exchange IFS is the Input Field Separator, which means the string read will be split based on the characters in IFS On a command line, IFS is normally any whitespace characters, that's why the command line splits at spaces Doing something like VAR=value command means "modify the environment of command so that VAR will have the value value"
Why is `while IFS= read` used so often, instead of `IFS=; while read. . `? The IFS= read -r line sets the environment variable IFS (to an empty value) specifically for the execution of read This is an instance of the general simple command syntax: a (possibly empty) sequence of variable assignments followed by a command name and its arguments (also, you can throw in redirections at any point)
How to send a command with arguments without spaces? Consecutive separator characters that are whitespace are treated as a single separator, so the result of the expansion of cat${IFS}file txt is two words: cat and file txt Non-whitespace separators are treated separately, with something like IFS=', '; cat${IFS}file txt, cat would receive two arguments: an empty argument and file txt
\n in `IFS=$\n is a variable? - Unix Linux Stack Exchange ifs=' ' which is equivalent but harder to read BTW: This extension already has passed the POSIX standard commitee, but it is scheduled for SUSv8 that is expected to appear not before the year 2020 because we first need to work on our lag behind the current list of bugs
bash - Can IFS (Internal Field Separator) function as a single . . . Any character in IFS that is not IFS whitespace, along with any adjacent IFS whitespace characters, delimits a field A sequence of IFS whitespace characters is also treated as a delimiter It means that IFS whitespace (space, tab and newline) is not treated like the other separators
bash - Split string using IFS - Unix Linux Stack Exchange In old versions of bash you had to quote variables after <<< That was fixed in 4 4 In older versions, the variable would be split on IFS and the resulting words joined on space before being stored in the temporary file that makes up that <<< redirection