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Isotope | Examples Definition | Britannica isotope, one of two or more species of atoms of a chemical element with the same atomic number and position in the periodic table and nearly identical chemical behaviour but with different atomic masses and physical properties Every chemical element has one or more isotopes An atom is first identified and labeled according to the number of protons in its nucleus
Radioactive isotope | Description, Uses, Examples | Britannica A radioactive isotope, also known as a radioisotope, radionuclide, or radioactive nuclide, is any of several species of the same chemical element with different masses whose nuclei are unstable and dissipate excess energy by spontaneously emitting radiation in the form of alpha, beta, and gamma rays Every chemical element has one or more radioactive isotopes
Uranium-235 (U-235) | Definition, Uses, Half-Life, Facts | Britannica uranium-235 (U-235), radioactive isotope of the element uranium with a nucleus containing 92 protons and 143 neutrons Uranium-235 is the only naturally occurring fissile material; that is, the uranium-235 nucleus undergoes nuclear fission when it collides with a slow neutron (a neutron with a kinetic energy less than 1 electron volt) Uranium-235 constitutes about 0 72 percent of all
Hydrogen - Isotopes, Deuterium, Tritium | Britannica This naturally formed tritium ends up in the form of water and reaches the surface of Earth in rain Tritium is radioactive; it has a half-life of 12 5 years, decaying to a very soft (low energy) negative beta particle (electron; the positive beta particle is called a positron) and a helium-3 nucleus When a sample of water is stored, it gradually loses its tritium because of radioactive decay
Carbon-14 | Dating, Mass, Half-life | Britannica carbon-14, the longest-lived radioactive isotope of carbon, whose decay allows the accurate dating of archaeological artifacts The carbon-14 nucleus has six protons and eight neutrons, for an atomic mass of 14 The isotope also is used as a tracer in following the course of particular carbon atoms through chemical or biological transformations In carbon-14 dating, measurements of the amount
Atom - Mass, Isotopes, Structure | Britannica Atom - Mass, Isotopes, Structure: The number of neutrons in a nucleus affects the mass of the atom but not its chemical properties Thus, a nucleus with six protons and six neutrons will have the same chemical properties as a nucleus with six protons and eight neutrons, although the two masses will be different Nuclei with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons are said
How Radioactive Isotopes are Used in Medicine | Britannica Radioactive isotopes, or radioisotopes, are species of chemical elements that are produced through the natural decay of atoms Exposure to radiation generally is considered harmful to the human body, but radioisotopes are highly valuable in medicine, particularly in the diagnosis and treatment of disease Nuclear medicine uses radioactive isotopes in a variety of ways
Cobalt-60 | Uses Radiation | Britannica - Encyclopedia Britannica Cobalt-60, radioactive isotope of cobalt used in industry and medicine Cobalt-60 is the longest-lived radioactive isotope of cobalt, with a half-life of 5 27 years It is produced by irradiating the stable isotope cobalt-59 with neutrons in a nuclear reactor Cobalt-60 is used in the inspection of
Geology - Isotopes, Geochemistry, Rocks | Britannica Geology - Isotopes, Geochemistry, Rocks: Isotopic geochemistry has several principal roles in geology One is concerned with the enrichment or impoverishment of certain isotopic species that results from the influence of differences in mass of molecules containing different isotopes Measurements of the proportions of various isotopic species can be used as a form of geologic thermometer The