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Standard Model - Wikipedia The Standard Model of particle physics is the theory describing three of the four known fundamental forces (electromagnetic, weak and strong interactions – excluding gravity) in the universe and classifying all known elementary particles
The Standard Model - CERN There are four fundamental forces at work in the universe: the strong force, the weak force, the electromagnetic force, and the gravitational force They work over different ranges and have different strengths Gravity is the weakest but it has an infinite range
The Standard Model – The Physics Hypertextbook There are seventeen named particles in the standard model, organized into the chart shown below The last particles discovered were the W and Z bosons in 1983, the top quark in 1995, the tau neutrino in 2000, and the higgs boson in 2012
University of Notre Dame Quarks Confined in Mesons and Baryons One cannot isolate quarks and gluons; they are confined in color-neutral particles called hadrons This confinement (binding) results from multiple exchanges of gluons among the color-charged constituents
THE STANDARD MODEL - CERN The Standard Model (SM) is a theory which classifies all fundamental particles based on their properties, and introduces rules that determine which interactions between them can occur and at what rate
11. 6: The Standard Model - Physics LibreTexts In this section, we introduce the Standard Model, which is the best current model of particle interactions We describe the Standard Model in detail in terms of electromagnetic, weak nuclear, and strong forces
Periodic Table of Particles Forces in the Standard Model Hierarchy problem: Even if we find the Higgs boson in its simplest form, the Standard Model is likely to require new physics to avoid very bad divergences and or fine tuning of parameters
THE STANDARD MODEL OF FUNDAMENTAL PARTICLES AND THEIR INTERACTIONS The Standard Model requires the W+, W¡, Z, and ° spin-one gauge bosons to mediate the electroweak force and eight gluons to mediated the strong or color force 9 The constituent particles of the Standard Model and some of their properties are listed in Table 1
The Elegant Universe | Elementary Particles (non-Flash) - PBS With one exception, all of the particles listed on the table are explained by the standard model The exception is the graviton, the force particle behind gravity Superstring theorists