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physics - Why might krypton have a lower utilization fraction than . . . 4 A comment below Why will Starlink satellites use krypton instead of xenon for electric propulsion? links to the 2011 preprint A Performance Comparison of Xenon and KryptonPropellant on an SPT-100 Hall Thruster; IEPC-2011-003 which explains that in this study using a SPT-100 Hall Thruster krypton had a lower utilization fraction than xenon
What are the tradeoffs in propellant choices for ion electric based . . . Think F = ma, where F in this case is the force of the electric field acting on the ion If you change fuels (say from xenon to krypton, which is lighter), but don't change field strengths, then F stays the same, while m decreases, which means a (acceleration on the ion) must be bigger
ion thruster - Space Exploration Stack Exchange Krypton is far more common (~1 ppm, over 10x that of xenon), and is produced with similar strategies, so it is a lot cheaper than xenon, at 290 USD per kilogram SpaceX is launching Starlink very fast, so they can't wait for a suitable xenon supply to show up Xenon is commonly used only because it has a higher performance
What is the fate of Krypton exhaust from Starlink thrusters? If the thrusters have a specific impulse of 1500s, that means the krypton atoms are traveling roughly 15 km s when they exit the nozzle, which exceeds the escape velocity of earth This may or may not be relevant, depending on how dense the atmosphere exosphere is where the thruster is fired, and also depending on which way the thruster is pointed (If the satellite's speed is being
ion thruster - Space Exploration Stack Exchange I was reading about different sources of propellant for ion thrusters, Xenon being the most common However, in more recent articles I've found more and more mentions of Solid Iodine being used as