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Block cipher - Wikipedia Block cipher In cryptography, a block cipher is a deterministic algorithm that operates on fixed-length groups of bits, called blocks Block ciphers are the elementary building blocks of many cryptographic protocols They are ubiquitous in the storage and exchange of data, where such data is secured and authenticated via encryption
Block cipher mode of operation - Wikipedia Six common block cipher modes of operation for encrypting In cryptography, a block cipher mode of operation is an algorithm that uses a block cipher to provide information security such as confidentiality or authenticity [1] A block cipher by itself is only suitable for the secure cryptographic transformation (encryption or decryption) of one fixed-length group of bits called a block [2] A
Block size (cryptography) - Wikipedia In modern cryptography, symmetric key ciphers are generally divided into stream ciphers and block ciphers Block ciphers operate on a fixed length string of bits The length of this bit string is the block size [1] Both the input (plaintext) and output (ciphertext) are the same length; the output cannot be shorter than the input – this follows logically from the pigeonhole principle and the
Feistel cipher - Wikipedia Feistel cipher In cryptography, a Feistel cipher (also known as Luby–Rackoff block cipher) is a symmetric structure used in the construction of block ciphers, named after the German -born physicist and cryptographer Horst Feistel, who did pioneering research while working for IBM; it is also commonly known as a Feistel network
Ciphertext stealing - Wikipedia Ciphertext stealing In cryptography, ciphertext stealing (CTS) is a general method of using a block cipher mode of operation that allows for processing of messages that are not evenly divisible into blocks without resulting in any expansion of the ciphertext, at the cost of slightly increased complexity
Substitution–permutation network - Wikipedia A sketch of a substitution–permutation network with 3 rounds, encrypting a plaintext block of 16 bits into a ciphertext block of 16 bits The S-boxes are the S, the P-boxes are the same P, and the round keys are the K In cryptography, an SP-network, or substitution–permutation network (SPN), is a series of linked mathematical operations used in block cipher algorithms such as AES
International Data Encryption Algorithm - Wikipedia In cryptography, the International Data Encryption Algorithm (IDEA), originally called Improved Proposed Encryption Standard (IPES), is a symmetric-key block cipher designed by James Massey of ETH Zurich and Xuejia Lai and was first described in 1991 The algorithm was intended as a replacement for the Data Encryption Standard (DES)
Key whitening - Wikipedia In cryptography, key whitening is a technique intended to increase the security of an iterated block cipher It consists of steps that combine the data with portions of the key