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What does the letter R represent in chemical structures? The R-group will be largely unimportant in a reaction and really does nothing aside from simply existing The true purpose of the R-group is to represent some variable part of a molecule The R-group can and often will differ between various compounds I would describe it as being a bunch of other irrelevant* stuff
What is the R-group of Alanine? - Answers An R group is the chemical group attached to the alpha carbon in an amino acid In proteins all amino acids have the same basic structure and vary only in their R group There are 20 standard
Why and when is lysine charged - Chemistry Stack Exchange The alpha amino group is about 99% protonated (+1 charge) The side chain amino group is fully protonated (+1 charge) You need to look at the pK of each ionizable group, consider what fraction of the group is in each ionization state (for example using the Henderson Hasselbach equation), and add the charges of each group to get the net charge
Why dont serine and threonine have a 3rd pKa Serine and threonine have extremely high 3rd pKa values Serine and threonine have a stable OH group, making it unlikely to dissociate except at extremely high pH values To put things in perspective, physiological pH (the standard pH of the body) is about 7 4 The C-terminus is generally deprotonated at a pH of 1-3, so it's always deprotonated in physiological conditions The N-terminus is
Why does -OR show more negative inductive effect than -OH Experimentally it has been determined that -OH shows less negative inductive effect than -OR (R being an alkyl group) but this is counterintuitive considering that -R is an electron donating group which increases the electron density on O reducing its electron withdrawing capacity
How Can an Amino Acid Be Non-Polar? - Chemistry Stack Exchange Looking at the structure of an amino acid (as a zwitterion), it seems that the part of the molecule with the amino group and the carboxylic acid group are quite polar (the amino group has a positive hydrogen and the carboxylic acid group has a negative oxygen)
Why are Tyrosine and Tryptophan considered hydrophobic? Since Tyrosine and Tryptophan are amino acids, their polarity is determined on their side chains or R groups If their R groups are polar, the amino acid is polar Both Tyrosine and Tryptophan are listed as non-polar molecules
Ionization of amino acids - Chemistry Stack Exchange The two forms of amino acids that your question asks about are called zwitterions (technically IUPAC says they should be called dipolar ions but the term zwitteron is pervasive) Since amino acids contain both acidic (the carboxylic acid) and basic (the amine) moieties the molecule is able to undergo what almost appears to be an intramolecular acid-base reaction in which the acidic proton of