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Cryptography - Wikipedia Core concepts related to information security (data confidentiality, data integrity, authentication and non-repudiation) are also central to cryptography [5] Practical applications of cryptography include electronic commerce, chip-based payment cards, digital currencies, computer passwords and military communications
XOR cipher - Wikipedia In cryptography, the simple XOR cipher is a type of additive cipher, [1] an encryption algorithm that operates according to the principles: A 0 = A, A A = 0, A B = B A, (A B) C = A (B C), (B A) A = B 0 = B For example where denotes the exclusive disjunction (XOR) operation [2] This operation is sometimes called modulus 2 addition (or subtraction, which is identical) [3] With this logic, a
List of cybersecurity information technologies - Wikipedia List of cybersecurity information technologies This is a list of cybersecurity information technologies Cybersecurity concerns all technologies that store, manipulate, or move computer data, such as computers, data networks, and all devices connected to or included in said networks, such as routers and switches
Collision attack - Wikipedia In cryptography, a collision attack on a cryptographic hash tries to find two inputs producing the same hash value, i e a hash collision This is in contrast to a preimage attack where a specific target hash value is specified There are roughly two types of collision attacks: Classical collision attack Find two different messages m1 and m2 such that hash (m1) = hash (m2) More generally
Known-plaintext attack - Wikipedia The known-plaintext attack (KPA) is an attack model for cryptanalysis where the attacker has access to both the plaintext (called a crib) and its encrypted version (ciphertext) These can be used to reveal secret keys and code books The term "crib" originated at Bletchley Park, the British World War II decryption operation, where it was defined as: A plain language (or code) passage of any
Information-theoretic security - Wikipedia A cryptosystem is considered to have information-theoretic security (also called unconditional security[1]) if the system is secure against adversaries with unlimited computing resources and time In contrast, a system which depends on the computational cost of cryptanalysis to be secure (and thus can be broken by an attack with unlimited computation) is called computationally secure or
Encyclopedia of Cryptography and Security - Wikipedia The Encyclopedia of Cryptography and Security is a comprehensive work on Cryptography for both information security professionals and experts in the fields of Computer Science, Applied Mathematics, Engineering, Information Theory, Data Encryption, etc [1] It consists of 460 articles in alphabetical order and is available electronically and in print The Encyclopedia has a representative
Encryption - Wikipedia Encryption A simple illustration of public-key cryptography, one of the most widely used forms of encryption In cryptography, encryption (more specifically, encoding) is the process of transforming information in a way that, ideally, only authorized parties can decode