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Stream cipher - Wikipedia Stream ciphers typically execute at a higher speed than block ciphers and have lower hardware complexity However, stream ciphers can be susceptible to security breaches (see stream cipher attacks); for example, when the same starting state (seed) is used twice
Block cipher mode of operation - Wikipedia Six common block cipher modes of operation for encrypting In cryptography, a block cipher mode of operation is an algorithm that uses a block cipher to provide information security such as confidentiality or authenticity [1] A block cipher by itself is only suitable for the secure cryptographic transformation (encryption or decryption) of one fixed-length group of bits called a block [2] A
Block size (cryptography) - Wikipedia In modern cryptography, symmetric key ciphers are generally divided into stream ciphers and block ciphers Block ciphers operate on a fixed length string of bits The length of this bit string is the block size [1] Both the input (plaintext) and output (ciphertext) are the same length; the output cannot be shorter than the input – this follows logically from the pigeonhole principle and the
Stream cipher attacks - Wikipedia Stream ciphers, where plaintext bits are combined with a cipher bit stream by an exclusive-or operation (xor), can be secure if used properly [citation needed] However, they are vulnerable to attacks if certain precautions are not followed: Keys must never be reused Valid decryption should never be relied on to indicate authenticity
Block cipher - Wikipedia Block cipher In cryptography, a block cipher is a deterministic algorithm that operates on fixed-length groups of bits, called blocks Block ciphers are the elementary building blocks of many cryptographic protocols They are ubiquitous in the storage and exchange of data, where such data is secured and authenticated via encryption
Confusion and diffusion - Wikipedia In cryptography, confusion and diffusion are two properties of a secure cipher identified by Claude Shannon in his 1945 classified report A Mathematical Theory of Cryptography [1] These properties, when present, work together to thwart the application of statistics, and other methods of cryptanalysis Confusion in a symmetric cipher is obscuring the local correlation between the input
Comparison of cryptography libraries - Wikipedia Stream ciphers are defined as using plain text digits that are combined with a pseudorandom cipher digit stream Stream ciphers are typically faster than block ciphers and may have lower hardware complexity, but may be more susceptible to attacks
Cryptography - Wikipedia Symmetric key ciphers are implemented as either block ciphers or stream ciphers A block cipher enciphers input in blocks of plaintext as opposed to individual characters, the input form used by a stream cipher
Cipher - Wikipedia A key must be selected before using a cipher to encrypt a message, with some exceptions such as ROT13 and Atbash Most modern ciphers can be categorized in several ways: By whether they work on blocks of symbols usually of a fixed size (block ciphers), or on a continuous stream of symbols (stream ciphers)